AQA Chemistry GCSE

• Additional Science

  • Chemistry 2

    • 12.1 How do sub-atomic particles help us to understand the structure of substances?

      • Inside the Atom
      • Atomic Short-hand
      • Forming Ions
      • Working out Formulae of Ionic Compounds
      • Covalent Bonding
      • Group 1 - The Alkali Metals
      • Group 7 - The Halogens
    • 12.2 How do structures influence the properties and uses of substances?

      • States of Matter
      • Structures of Ionic Compounds
      • Structures of Covalent Substances
      • Structure and Bonding in Metals
    • 12.3 How much can we make and how much do we need to use?

      • Balancing Chemical Equations
      • Atomic Short-hand
      • Isotopes and Relative Atomic Mass
      • Group 1 - The Alkali Metals
      • Reversible Reactions
      • Dynamic Equilibrium
      • The Manufacture of Ammonia
    • 12.4 How can we control the rates of chemical reactions?

      • Introducing Rates of Reaction
      • The Effect of Surface Area
      • The Effect of Concentation and Pressure
      • The Effect of Temperature
      • Catalysts
    • 12.5 Do chemical reactions always release energy?

      • Exothermic and Endothermic Reactions
      • Bond Energies
      • Reversible Reactions
      • Dynamic Equilibrium
      • Factors Affecting Equilibrium
    • 12.6 How can we use ions in solutions?

      • Explaining Electrolysis
      • Electrolysis of Solutions
      • Electrolysis of Brine
      • Acids, Alkalis and Indicators
      • Salts
      • Preparing Salts from Acids
• Chemistry

  • Chemistry 1a

    • 11.1 How do rocks provide building materials?

      • Chemical Short-hand
      • Inside the Atom
      • The Modern Periodic Table
      • The Lime Kiln
      • Uses of Limestone
    • 11.2 How do rocks provide metals and how are metals used?

      • The Transition Metals
      • Metals in Nature
      • Reduction of Metal Oxides by Carbon
      • Extraction of Iron
      • Making Steel
      • Extraction of Titanium
      • Extraction of Aluminium
    • 11.3 How do we get fuels from crude oil?

      • Introduction to Crude Oil
      • Fractional Distllation of Crude Oil
      • Burning Fuels
      • Pollution from Fossil Fuels
  • Chemistry 1b

    • 11.4 How are polymers and ethanol made from oil?

      • Cracking Hydrocarbons
      • Polymers
      • Properties of Plastics and the Disposal of Waste
    • 11.5 How can plant oils be used?

      • Water in Mixtures
      • Food Chemistry
    • 11.6 What are the changes in the Earth and its atmosphere?

      • Group 0 - The Noble Gases
      • Gases in Air
      • History of the Atmosphere
      • Inside the Earth
      • The Earth's Plates
      • Moving Plates
  • Chemistry 2

    • 12.1 How do sub-atomic particles help us to understand the structure of substances?

      • Inside the Atom
      • Atomic Short-hand
      • Forming Ions
      • Working out Formulae of Ionic Compounds
      • Covalent Bonding
      • Group 1 - The Alkali Metals
      • Group 7 - The Halogens
    • 12.2 How do structures influence the properties and uses of substances?

      • States of Matter
      • Structures of Ionic Compounds
      • Structures of Covalent Substances
      • Structure and Bonding in Metals
    • 12.3 How much can we make and how much do we need to use?

      • Balancing Chemical Equations
      • Atomic Short-hand
      • Isotopes and Relative Atomic Mass
      • Reversible Reactions
      • Dynamic Equilibrium
      • The Manufacture of Ammonia
    • 12.4 How can we control the rates of chemical reactions?

      • Introducing Rates of Reaction
      • The Effect of Surface Area
      • The Effect of Concentation and Pressure
      • The Effect of Temperature
      • Catalysts
    • 12.5 Do chemical reactions always release energy?

      • Exothermic and Endothermic Reactions
      • Bond Energies
      • Reversible Reactions
      • Dynamic Equilibrium
      • Factors Affecting Equilibrium
    • 12.6 How can we use ions in solutions?

      • Explaining Electrolysis
      • Electrolysis of Solutions
      • Electrolysis of Brine
      • Acids, Alkalis and Indicators
      • Salts
      • Preparing Salts from Acids
  • Chemistry 3

    • 13.1 How was the periodic table developed and how can it help us understand the reactions of elements?

      • The History of the Periodic Table
      • Group 1 - The Alkali Metals
      • Explaining the Reactivity of the Alkali Metals
      • The Transition Metals
      • Group 7 - The Halogens
    • 13.2 What are strong and weak acids and alkalis? How can we find the amounts of acids and alkalis in solutions?

      • Acids, Alkalis and Indicators
      • Neutralisation
      • Concentration of Solutions
      • Titrations
    • 13.3 What is in the water we drink?

      • Water
      • Water in Mixtures
      • Water Fit to Drink
      • Hard Water
      • Water Pollution
      • Concentration of Solutions
    • 13.4 How much energy is involved in chemical reactions?

      • Reactions of Metals
      • Displacement Reactions
      • Testing for Ions
      • Instrumental Analysis
      • Burning Fuels
      • Exothermic and Endothermic Reactions
      • Bond Energies
    • 13.5 How do we identify and analyse substances?

• Science A

  • Chemistry 1a

    • 12.1 How do rocks provide building materials?

      • Chemical Short-hand
      • Inside the Atom
      • The Modern Periodic Table
      • The Lime Kiln
      • Uses of Limestone
    • 12.2 How do rocks provide metals and how are metals used?

      • The Transition Metals
      • Metals in Nature
      • Reduction of Metal Oxides by Carbon
      • Extraction of Iron
      • Making Steel
      • Extraction of Titanium
      • Extraction of Aluminium
    • 12.3 How do we get fuels from crude oil?

      • Introduction to Crude Oil
      • Fractional Distllation of Crude Oil
      • Burning Fuels
      • Pollution from Fossil Fuels
  • Chemistry 1b

    • 12.4 How are polymers and ethanol made from oil?

      • Cracking Hydrocarbons
      • Polymers
      • Properties of Plastics and the Disposal of Waste
    • 12.5 How can plant oils be used?

      • Food Chemistry
    • 12.6 What are the changes in the Earth and its atmosphere?

      • Group 0 - The Noble Gases
      • Gases in Air
      • History of the Atmosphere
      • Inside the Earth
      • The Earth's Plates
      • Moving Plates
• Science B

  • Chemistry 1a

    • 12.1 How do rocks provide building materials?

      • Chemical Short-hand
      • Inside the Atom
      • The Modern Periodic Table
      • The Lime Kiln
      • Uses of Limestone
    • 12.2 How do rocks provide metals and how are metals used?

      • The Transition Metals
      • Metals in Nature
      • Reduction of Metal Oxides by Carbon
      • Extraction of Iron
      • Making Steel
      • Extraction of Titanium
      • Extraction of Aluminium
    • 12.3 How do we get fuels from crude oil?

      • Introduction to Crude Oil
      • Fractional Distllation of Crude Oil
      • Burning Fuels
      • Pollution from Fossil Fuels
  • Chemistry 1b

    • 12.4 How are polymers and ethanol made from oil?

      • Cracking Hydrocarbons
      • Polymers
      • Properties of Plastics and the Disposal of Waste
    • 12.5 How can plant oils be used?

      • Food Chemistry
    • 12.6 What are the changes in the Earth and its atmosphere?

      • Group 0 - The Noble Gases
      • Gases in Air
      • History of the Atmosphere
      • Inside the Earth
      • The Earth's Plates
      • Moving Plates

Edexcel Chemistry GCSE (360Science)

• Science

  • C1a

    • 5 Patterns in Properties

      • 5.1

      • 5.2

        • Group 0 - The Noble Gases
      • 5.3

      • 5.4

        • The Transition Metals
      • 5.5

        • The Modern Periodic Table
      • 5.6

        • Metals and Non-metals in the Periodic Table
      • 5.7

        • The Modern Periodic Table
      • 5.8

        • The Modern Periodic Table
      • 5.9

      • 5.10

        • Inside the Atom
      • 5.11

        • The History of the Periodic Table
      • 5.12

        • The History of the Periodic Table
      • 5.13

        • The Modern Periodic Table
      • 5.14

        • Group 1 - The Alkali Metals
      • 5.15

        • Introducing Rates of Reaction
      • 5.16

        • Exothermic and Endothermic Reactions
      • 5.17

      • 5.18

        • Group 7 - The Halogens
      • 5.19

        • Group 7 - The Halogens
    • 6 Making Changes

      • 6.1

        • Neutralisation
        • Salts
      • 6.2

        • Preparing Salts from Acids
      • 6.3

      • 6.4

        • Metals in Nature
      • 6.5

        • Reduction of Metal Oxides by Carbon
      • 6.6

      • 6.7

      • 6.8

        • Reactions of Metals
      • 6.9

        • Reactions of Metals
      • 6.10

      • 6.11

      • 6.12

      • 6.13

      • 6.14

      • 6.15

      • 6.16

        • Balancing Chemical Equations
      • 6.17

      • 6.18

      • 6.19

  • C1b

    • 7 There's One Earth

      • 7.1

      • 7.2

        • Burning Fuels
      • 7.3

        • Pollution from Fossil Fuels
      • 7.4

        • History of the Atmosphere
      • 7.5

      • 7.6

      • 7.7

      • 7.8

      • 7.9

      • 7.10

      • 7.11

      • 7.12

      • 7.13

      • 7.14

      • 7.15

        • Fractional Distllation of Crude Oil
      • 7.16

        • Fractional Distllation of Crude Oil
      • 7.17

        • Fractional Distllation of Crude Oil
      • 7.18

      • 7.19

        • Burning Fuels
      • 7.20

      • 7.21

      • 7.22

      • 7.23

        • Products from Salt
    • 8 Designer Products

      • 8.1

      • 8.2

      • 8.3

      • 8.4

      • 8.5

      • 8.6

      • 8.7

      • 8.8

        • Alcohols
      • 8.9

      • 8.10

      • 8.11

      • 8.12

  • C2

    • 5 Synthesis
    • 6 In Your Element
    • 7 Chemical Structures
    • 8 How Fast? How Furious?
  • C3

    • 3 Chemical Detection
    • 4 Chemistry Working for Us

• Additional Science

  • C1a

    • 5 Patterns in Properties
    • 6 Making Changes
  • C1b

    • 7 There's One Earth
    • 8 Designer Products
  • C2

    • 5 Synthesis

      • 5.1

        • Cracking Hydrocarbons
      • 5.2

        • Cracking Hydrocarbons
      • 5.3

        • Cracking Hydrocarbons
      • 5.4

        • Introduction to Crude Oil
      • 5.5

      • 5.6

      • 5.7

      • 5.8

      • 5.9

      • 5.10

      • 5.11

      • 5.12

        • Food Chemistry
      • 5.13

        • Alcohols
        • Reactions of the Alcohols
      • 5.14

        • Polymers
      • 5.15

        • Polymers
      • 5.16

        • Polymers
      • 5.17

      • 5.18

        • Properties of Plastics and the Disposal of Waste
      • 5.19

      • 5.20

        • Properties of Plastics and the Disposal of Waste
      • 5.21

      • 5.22

      • 5.23

      • 5.24

      • 5.25

        • Isotopes and Relative Atomic Mass
        • Moles and Chemical Formulae
      • 5.26

      • 5.27

        • Moles in Chemical Equations
      • 5.28

      • 5.29

      • 5.30

    • 6 In Your Element

      • 6.1

        • Structure and Bonding in Metals
      • 6.2

        • Group 7 - The Halogens
      • 6.3

        • Inside the Atom
      • 6.4

        • Atomic Short-hand
      • 6.5

        • Inside the Atom
      • 6.6

        • Forming Ions
      • 6.7

        • Forming Ions
      • 6.8

        • Forming Ions
        • Structures of Ionic Compounds
      • 6.9

        • Structures of Ionic Compounds
      • 6.10

        • Working out Formulae of Ionic Compounds
      • 6.11

        • Explaining Electrolysis
      • 6.12

        • Explaining Electrolysis
      • 6.13

        • Isotopes and Relative Atomic Mass
      • 6.14

        • Isotopes and Relative Atomic Mass
      • 6.15

        • The Modern Periodic Table
      • 6.16

        • The Modern Periodic Table
      • 6.17

        • Group 0 - The Noble Gases
      • 6.18

        • The Modern Periodic Table
      • 6.19

        • Explaining the Reactivity of the Alkali Metals
      • 6.20

        • The History of the Periodic Table
    • 7 Chemical Structures

      • 7.1

      • 7.2

        • Structures of Covalent Substances
      • 7.3

      • 7.4

      • 7.5

      • 7.6

      • 7.7

        • Structure and Bonding in Metals
      • 7.8

        • Group 7 - The Halogens
      • 7.9

        • Covalent Bonding
      • 7.10

        • Covalent Bonding
      • 7.11

      • 7.12

    • 8 How Fast? How Furious?

      • 8.1

        • Exothermic and Endothermic Reactions
      • 8.2

        • Exothermic and Endothermic Reactions
      • 8.3

        • Bond Energies
      • 8.4

        • Introducing Rates of Reaction
        • The Effect of Surface Area
        • The Effect of Concentation and Pressure
        • The Effect of Temperature
      • 8.5

        • Introducing Rates of Reaction
        • The Effect of Surface Area
        • The Effect of Concentation and Pressure
        • The Effect of Temperature
      • 8.6

        • Catalysts
      • 8.7

      • 8.8

        • Enzymes
      • 8.9

        • The Manufacture of Ammonia
      • 8.10

        • The Manufacture of Ammonia
      • 8.11

        • Dynamic Equilibrium
        • Factors Affecting Equilibrium
      • 8.12

      • 8.13

      • 8.14

        • Water Pollution
  • C3

    • 3 Chemical Detection
    • 4 Chemistry Working for Us

• Chemistry A

  • C1a

    • 5 Patterns in Properties

      • 5.1

      • 5.2

        • Group 0 - The Noble Gases
      • 5.3

      • 5.4

        • The Transition Metals
      • 5.5

        • The Modern Periodic Table
      • 5.6

        • Metals and Non-metals in the Periodic Table
      • 5.7

        • The Modern Periodic Table
      • 5.8

        • The Modern Periodic Table
      • 5.9

      • 5.10

        • Inside the Atom
      • 5.11

        • The History of the Periodic Table
      • 5.12

        • The History of the Periodic Table
      • 5.13

        • The Modern Periodic Table
      • 5.14

        • Group 1 - The Alkali Metals
      • 5.15

        • Introducing Rates of Reaction
      • 5.16

        • Exothermic and Endothermic Reactions
      • 5.17

      • 5.18

        • Group 7 - The Halogens
      • 5.19

        • Group 7 - The Halogens
    • 6 Making Changes

      • 6.1

        • Neutralisation
        • Salts
      • 6.2

        • Preparing Salts from Acids
      • 6.3

      • 6.4

        • Metals in Nature
      • 6.5

        • Reduction of Metal Oxides by Carbon
      • 6.6

      • 6.7

      • 6.8

        • Reactions of Metals
      • 6.9

        • Reactions of Metals
      • 6.10

      • 6.11

      • 6.12

      • 6.13

      • 6.14

      • 6.15

      • 6.16

        • Balancing Chemical Equations
      • 6.17

      • 6.18

      • 6.19

  • C1b

    • 7 There's One Earth

      • 7.1

      • 7.2

        • Burning Fuels
      • 7.3

        • Pollution from Fossil Fuels
      • 7.4

        • History of the Atmosphere
      • 7.5

      • 7.6

      • 7.7

      • 7.8

      • 7.9

      • 7.10

      • 7.11

      • 7.12

      • 7.13

      • 7.14

      • 7.15

        • Fractional Distllation of Crude Oil
      • 7.16

        • Fractional Distllation of Crude Oil
      • 7.17

        • Fractional Distllation of Crude Oil
      • 7.18

      • 7.19

        • Burning Fuels
      • 7.20

      • 7.21

      • 7.22

      • 7.23

        • Products from Salt
    • 8 Designer Products

      • 8.1

      • 8.2

      • 8.3

      • 8.4

      • 8.5

      • 8.6

      • 8.7

      • 8.8

        • Alcohols
      • 8.9

      • 8.10

      • 8.11

      • 8.12

  • C2

    • 5 Synthesis

      • 5.1

        • Cracking Hydrocarbons
      • 5.2

        • Cracking Hydrocarbons
      • 5.3

        • Cracking Hydrocarbons
      • 5.4

        • Introduction to Crude Oil
      • 5.5

      • 5.6

      • 5.7

      • 5.8

      • 5.9

      • 5.10

      • 5.11

      • 5.12

        • Food Chemistry
      • 5.13

        • Alcohols
        • Reactions of the Alcohols
      • 5.14

        • Polymers
      • 5.15

        • Polymers
      • 5.16

        • Polymers
      • 5.17

      • 5.18

        • Properties of Plastics and the Disposal of Waste
      • 5.19

      • 5.20

        • Properties of Plastics and the Disposal of Waste
      • 5.21

      • 5.22

      • 5.23

      • 5.24

      • 5.25

        • Isotopes and Relative Atomic Mass
        • Moles and Chemical Formulae
      • 5.26

      • 5.27

        • Moles in Chemical Equations
      • 5.28

      • 5.29

      • 5.30

    • 6 In Your Element

      • 6.1

        • Structure and Bonding in Metals
      • 6.2

        • Group 7 - The Halogens
      • 6.3

        • Inside the Atom
      • 6.4

        • Atomic Short-hand
      • 6.5

        • Inside the Atom
      • 6.6

        • Forming Ions
      • 6.7

        • Forming Ions
      • 6.8

        • Forming Ions
        • Structures of Ionic Compounds
      • 6.9

        • Structures of Ionic Compounds
      • 6.10

        • Working out Formulae of Ionic Compounds
      • 6.11

        • Explaining Electrolysis
      • 6.12

        • Explaining Electrolysis
      • 6.13

        • Isotopes and Relative Atomic Mass
      • 6.14

        • Isotopes and Relative Atomic Mass
      • 6.15

        • The Modern Periodic Table
      • 6.16

        • The Modern Periodic Table
      • 6.17

        • Group 0 - The Noble Gases
      • 6.18

        • The Modern Periodic Table
      • 6.19

        • Explaining the Reactivity of the Alkali Metals
      • 6.20

        • The History of the Periodic Table
    • 7 Chemical Structures

      • 7.1

      • 7.2

        • Structures of Covalent Substances
      • 7.3

      • 7.4

      • 7.5

      • 7.6

      • 7.7

        • Structure and Bonding in Metals
      • 7.8

        • Group 7 - The Halogens
      • 7.9

        • Covalent Bonding
      • 7.10

        • Covalent Bonding
      • 7.11

      • 7.12

    • 8 How Fast? How Furious?

      • 8.1

        • Exothermic and Endothermic Reactions
      • 8.2

        • Exothermic and Endothermic Reactions
      • 8.3

        • Bond Energies
      • 8.4

        • Introducing Rates of Reaction
        • The Effect of Surface Area
        • The Effect of Concentation and Pressure
        • The Effect of Temperature
      • 8.5

        • Introducing Rates of Reaction
        • The Effect of Surface Area
        • The Effect of Concentation and Pressure
        • The Effect of Temperature
      • 8.6

        • Catalysts
      • 8.7

      • 8.8

        • Enzymes
      • 8.9

        • The Manufacture of Ammonia
      • 8.10

        • The Manufacture of Ammonia
      • 8.11

        • Dynamic Equilibrium
        • Factors Affecting Equilibrium
      • 8.12

      • 8.13

      • 8.14

        • Water Pollution
  • C3

    • 3 Chemical Detection

      • 3.1

      • 3.2

        • Water
        • Water Fit to Drink
        • Water Pollution
        • Instrumental Analysis
      • 3.3

      • 3.4

      • 3.5

        • Testing for Ions
      • 3.6

        • Testing for Ions
      • 3.7

        • Introducing moles
        • Moles in Chemical Equations
        • Moles and Chemical Formulae
      • 3.8

        • Introducing moles
        • Moles in Chemical Equations
        • Moles and Chemical Formulae
      • 3.9

      • 3.10

        • Moles in Chemical Equations
      • 3.11

        • Moles of gases
      • 3.12

        • Concentration of Solutions
      • 3.13

      • 3.14

        • Moles of gases
      • 3.15

        • Moles in Chemical Equations
      • 3.16

        • Concentration of Solutions
      • 3.17

        • Titrations
      • 3.18

        • Titrations
      • 3.19

        • Titrations
      • 3.20

    • 4 Chemistry Working for Us

      • 4.1

        • The Transition Metals
      • 4.2

        • The Transition Metals
      • 4.3

        • Alcohols
        • Food Chemistry
      • 4.4

        • Reactions of the Alcohols
      • 4.5

        • Explaining Electrolysis
      • 4.6

        • Explaining Electrolysis
      • 4.7

        • Purification of Copper
      • 4.8

        • Group 1 - The Alkali Metals
      • 4.9

        • Group 1 - The Alkali Metals
      • 4.10

      • 4.11

      • 4.12

      • 4.13

        • The Manufacture of Sulfuric Acid
      • 4.14

      • 4.15

      • 4.16

      • 4.17

      • 4.18

OCR 21st Century Chemistry GCSE

• Science A

  • C1 Air Quality

    • C1.1 Which chemicals make up air, and which ones are pollutants? How do I make sense of data about air pollution?

      • Gases in Air
    • C1.2 What chemical reactions produce air pollutants? What happens to these pollutants in the atmosphere?

      • Introduction to Crude Oil
      • Burning Fuels
      • Pollution from Fossil Fuels
    • C1.3 Is air pollution harmful to me, or to my environment?

    • C1.4 What choices can we make personally, locally, nationally or globally to improve air quality?

      • Pollution from Fossil Fuels
  • C2 Material Choices

    • C2.1 What different properties do different materials have?

    • C2.2 Why is crude oil important as a source of new materials such as plastics and fibres?

      • Introduction to Crude Oil
      • Fractional Distllation of Crude Oil
      • Polymers
      • Properties of Plastics and the Disposal of Waste
    • C2.3 Why does it help to know about the molecular structure of materials such as plastics and fibres?

      • Forming Ions
      • Covalent Bonding
      • Structures of Covalent Substances
      • Properties of Plastics and the Disposal of Waste
    • C2.4 When buying a product, what else should we consider besides its cost and how well is does its job? How should we manage the wastes that arise from our use of materials?

  • C3 Food Matters

    • C3.1 What is the difference between intensive and organic farming?

      • Food Chemistry
    • C3.2 Why are chemicals deliberately added to food?

      • Gases in Air
    • C3.3 How can we make sure that our food does not contain chemicals that may be harmful to health?

    • C3.4 Why does what we eat affect our health?

  • C4 Chemical Patterns
  • C5 Chemicals of the Natural Environment
  • C6 Chemical Synthesis
  • C7 Further Chemistry

• Chemistry A

  • C1 Air Quality

    • C1.1 Which chemicals make up air, and which ones are pollutants? How do I make sense of data about air pollution?

      • Gases in Air
    • C1.2 What chemical reactions produce air pollutants? What happens to these pollutants in the atmosphere?

      • Introduction to Crude Oil
      • Burning Fuels
      • Pollution from Fossil Fuels
    • C1.3 Is air pollution harmful to me, or to my environment?

    • C1.4 What choices can we make personally, locally, nationally or globally to improve air quality?

      • Pollution from Fossil Fuels
  • C2 Material Choices

    • C2.1 What different properties do different materials have?

    • C2.2 Why is crude oil important as a source of new materials such as plastics and fibres?

      • Introduction to Crude Oil
      • Fractional Distllation of Crude Oil
      • Polymers
      • Properties of Plastics and the Disposal of Waste
    • C2.3 Why does it help to know about the molecular structure of materials such as plastics and fibres?

      • Forming Ions
      • Covalent Bonding
      • Structures of Covalent Substances
      • Properties of Plastics and the Disposal of Waste
    • C2.4 When buying a product, what else should we consider besides its cost and how well is does its job? How should we manage the wastes that arise from our use of materials?

  • C3 Food Matters

    • C3.1 What is the difference between intensive and organic farming?

      • Food Chemistry
    • C3.2 Why are chemicals deliberately added to food?

      • Gases in Air
    • C3.3 How can we make sure that our food does not contain chemicals that may be harmful to health?

    • C3.4 Why does what we eat affect our health?

  • C4 Chemical Patterns

    • C4.1 What are the patterns in the properties of elements?

      • Chemical Short-hand
      • Chemical Reactions and Word Equations
      • Balancing Chemical Equations
      • Inside the Atom
      • Atomic Short-hand
      • The Modern Periodic Table
      • Metals and Non-metals in the Periodic Table
      • Group 1 - The Alkali Metals
      • Explaining the Reactivity of the Alkali Metals
      • Group 7 - The Halogens
      • Group 0 - The Noble Gases
    • C4.2 How do chemists explain the patterns in the properties of the elements?

      • Inside the Atom
      • The Modern Periodic Table
    • C4.3 How do chemists explain the properties of compounds of Group 1 and Group 7 elements?

      • Forming Ions
      • Structures of Ionic Compounds
      • Working out Formulae of Ionic Compounds
      • Explaining Electrolysis
  • C5 Chemicals of the Natural Environment

    • C5.1 What types of chemicals make up the atmosphere and hydrosphere?

      • Structures of Ionic Compounds
      • Covalent Bonding
      • Structures of Covalent Substances
      • Gases in Air
    • C5.2 What types of chemicals make up the Earth's lithosphere?

      • Metals in Nature
      • Inside the Earth
    • C5.3 Which chemicals make up the biosphere?

    • C5.4 How can we extract useful metals from minerals?

      • Structure and Bonding in Metals
      • Metals in Nature
      • Reduction of Metal Oxides by Carbon
      • Extraction of Reactive Metals
      • Explaining Electrolysis
      • Extraction of Aluminium
      • Introducing moles
      • Moles in Chemical Equations
      • Moles and Chemical Formulae
  • C6 Chemical Synthesis

    • C6.1 Chemicals and why we need them

      • Acids, Alkalis and Indicators
      • Neutralisation
    • C6.2 Planning, carrying out and controlling chemical synthesis

      • Isotopes and Relative Atomic Mass
      • Introducing Rates of Reaction
      • The Effect of Surface Area
      • The Effect of Concentation and Pressure
      • The Effect of Temperature
      • Catalysts
      • Concentration of Solutions
      • Titrations
  • C7 Further Chemistry

    • C7.1 Alcohols, carboxylic acids and esters

      • Introduction to Crude Oil
      • Alcohols
      • Reactions of the Alcohols
      • Burning Fuels
    • C7.2 Energy changes in chemistry

      • Exothermic and Endothermic Reactions
      • Bond Energies
    • C7.3 Reversible reactions and equilibria

      • Reversible Reactions
      • Dynamic Equilibrium
      • Factors Affecting Equilibrium
      • Strong and Weak Acids
    • C7.4 Analysis

      • Introducing moles
      • Concentration of Solutions
      • Moles in Chemical Equations
      • Titrations
      • Moles and Chemical Formulae
    • C7.5 Green chemistry

OCR Gateway Chemistry GCSE

• Science B

  • C1 Carbon Chemistry

    • C1a Cooking

    • C1b Food Additives

      • Water in Mixtures
    • C1c Smells

      • Changing State
      • Reactions of the Alcohols
    • C1d Making Crude Oil Useful

      • Introduction to Crude Oil
      • Fractional Distllation of Crude Oil
      • Cracking Hydrocarbons
    • C1e Making Polymers

      • Introduction to Crude Oil
      • Polymers
    • C1f Design Polymers

      • Polymers
      • Properties of Plastics and the Disposal of Waste
    • C1g Using Carbon Fuels

      • Burning Fuels
    • C1h Energy

      • Exothermic and Endothermic Reactions
      • Bond Energies
  • C2 Rocks and Metals

    • C2a Paints and Pigments

    • C2b Construction Materials

      • Metals in Nature
      • Uses of Limestone
      • Igneous Rock
      • Weathering, Erosion and Sedimentary Rock
      • Metamorphic Rock
    • C2c Does the Earth Move?

      • Inside the Earth
      • The Earth's Plates
      • Moving Plates
    • C2d Metals and Alloys

      • Reduction of Metal Oxides by Carbon
      • Purification of Copper
    • C2e Cars for Scrap

      • Corrosion of Metals
    • C2f Clean Air

      • Pollution from Fossil Fuels
      • Gases in Air
    • C2g Faster or Slower (1)

      • Introducing Rates of Reaction
      • The Effect of Surface Area
      • The Effect of Concentation and Pressure
      • The Effect of Temperature
    • C2h Faster or Slower (2)

      • Catalysts
  • C3 The Periodic Table
  • C4 Chemical Economics Module
  • C5 How Much?
  • C6 Chemistry Out There
  • C1-C6 All Sections

    • Chemical Short-hand
    • Chemical Reactions and Word Equations
    • Balancing Chemical Equations
    • Inside the Atom
    • Forming Ions
    • Covalent Bonding

• Chemistry B

  • C1 Carbon Chemistry

    • C1a Cooking

    • C1b Food Additives

      • Water in Mixtures
    • C1c Smells

      • Changing State
      • Reactions of the Alcohols
    • C1d Making Crude Oil Useful

      • Introduction to Crude Oil
      • Fractional Distllation of Crude Oil
      • Cracking Hydrocarbons
    • C1e Making Polymers

      • Introduction to Crude Oil
      • Polymers
    • C1f Design Polymers

      • Polymers
      • Properties of Plastics and the Disposal of Waste
    • C1g Using Carbon Fuels

      • Burning Fuels
    • C1h Energy

      • Exothermic and Endothermic Reactions
      • Bond Energies
  • C2 Rocks and Metals

    • C2a Paints and Pigments

    • C2b Construction Materials

      • Metals in Nature
      • Uses of Limestone
      • Igneous Rock
      • Weathering, Erosion and Sedimentary Rock
      • Metamorphic Rock
    • C2c Does the Earth Move?

      • Inside the Earth
      • The Earth's Plates
      • Moving Plates
    • C2d Metals and Alloys

      • Reduction of Metal Oxides by Carbon
      • Purification of Copper
    • C2e Cars for Scrap

      • Corrosion of Metals
    • C2f Clean Air

      • Pollution from Fossil Fuels
      • Gases in Air
    • C2g Faster or Slower (1)

      • Introducing Rates of Reaction
      • The Effect of Surface Area
      • The Effect of Concentation and Pressure
      • The Effect of Temperature
    • C2h Faster or Slower (2)

      • Catalysts
  • C3 The Periodic Table

    • C3a What are atoms like?

      • Inside the Atom
      • Atomic Short-hand
      • The Modern Periodic Table
    • C3b How atoms combine - Ionic Bonding

      • Forming Ions
      • Structures of Ionic Compounds
    • C3c Covalent bonding and the structure of the Periodic Table

      • Covalent Bonding
      • Structures of Covalent Substances
      • The Modern Periodic Table
    • C3d The Group 1 Element

      • Group 1 - The Alkali Metals
      • Explaining the Reactivity of the Alkali Metals
    • C3e The Group 7 Element

      • Group 7 - The Halogens
    • C3f Electrolysis

      • Explaining Electrolysis
      • Extraction of Aluminium
    • C3g Transition Elements

      • The Transition Metals
      • Reactions of Metals
      • Displacement Reactions
    • C3h Metal Structure and Properties

      • Structure and Bonding in Metals
  • C4 Chemical Economics Module

    • C4a Acids and Bases

      • Acids, Alkalis and Indicators
      • Neutralisation
    • C4b Reacting Masses

      • Isotopes and Relative Atomic Mass
      • Introducing moles
      • Moles in Chemical Equations
      • Moles and Chemical Formulae
    • C4c Fertilisers and Crop Yield

      • Water Pollution
      • Gases in Air
    • C4d Making Ammonia - Haber Process and Costs

      • The Manufacture of Ammonia
    • C4e Detergents

    • C4f Batch or Continuous?

    • C4g Nanochemistry

      • Structures of Covalent Substances
    • C4h How pure is our water?

      • Water
      • Water Fit to Drink
      • Testing for Ions
  • C5 How Much?

    • C5a Moles and Empirical Formulae

      • Isotopes and Relative Atomic Mass
      • Introducing moles
      • Moles in Chemical Equations
      • Moles and Chemical Formulae
    • C5b Electrolysis

      • Explaining Electrolysis
      • Electrolysis of Lead Bromide
      • Electrolysis of Solutions
      • Cells
    • C5c Quantitative Analysis

      • Concentration of Solutions
    • C5d Titrations

      • Acids, Alkalis and Indicators
      • Neutralisation
      • Titrations
    • C5e Gas Volumes

      • Moles of gases
    • C5f Equilibria

      • Reversible Reactions
      • Dynamic Equilibrium
      • Factors Affecting Equilibrium
      • The Manufacture of Sulfuric Acid
    • C5g Strong and Weak Acids

      • Strong and Weak Acids
    • C5h Ionic Equations

      • Displacement Reactions
      • Testing for Ions
  • C6 Chemistry Out There

    • C6a Energy Transfers - Fuel Cells

      • Chemical Short-hand
    • C6b Redox Reactions

      • Reactions of Metals
      • Displacement Reactions
      • Hydrogen in the Reactivity Series
      • Corrosion of Metals
    • C6c Alcohols

      • Alcohols
      • Reactions of the Alcohols
    • C6d Chemistry of Sodium Chloride (NaCl)

      • Extraction of Sodium
      • Electrolysis of Brine
      • Products from Salt
    • C6e Depletion of the ozone layer

    • C6f Hardness of water

      • Hard Water
    • C6g Natural fats and oils

      • Water in Mixtures
      • Food Chemistry
    • C6h Analgesics

      • Drugs
  • C1-C6 All Sections

    • Chemical Short-hand
    • Chemical Reactions and Word Equations
    • Balancing Chemical Equations
    • Inside the Atom
    • Forming Ions
    • Covalent Bonding

• Additional Science

  • C1 Carbon Chemistry
  • C2 Rocks and Metals
  • C3 The Periodic Table

    • C3a What are atoms like?

      • Inside the Atom
      • Atomic Short-hand
      • The Modern Periodic Table
    • C3b How atoms combine - Ionic Bonding

      • Forming Ions
      • Structures of Ionic Compounds
    • C3c Covalent bonding and the structure of the Periodic Table

      • Covalent Bonding
      • Structures of Covalent Substances
      • The Modern Periodic Table
    • C3d The Group 1 Element

      • Group 1 - The Alkali Metals
      • Explaining the Reactivity of the Alkali Metals
    • C3e The Group 7 Element

      • Group 7 - The Halogens
    • C3f Electrolysis

      • Explaining Electrolysis
      • Extraction of Aluminium
    • C3g Transition Elements

      • The Transition Metals
      • Reactions of Metals
      • Displacement Reactions
    • C3h Metal Structure and Properties

      • Structure and Bonding in Metals
  • C4 Chemical Economics Module

    • C4a Acids and Bases

      • Acids, Alkalis and Indicators
      • Neutralisation
    • C4b Reacting Masses

      • Isotopes and Relative Atomic Mass
      • Introducing moles
      • Moles in Chemical Equations
      • Moles and Chemical Formulae
    • C4c Fertilisers and Crop Yield

      • Water Pollution
      • Gases in Air
    • C4d Making Ammonia - Haber Process and Costs

      • The Manufacture of Ammonia
    • C4e Detergents

    • C4f Batch or Continuous?

    • C4g Nanochemistry

      • Structures of Covalent Substances
    • C4h How pure is our water?

      • Water
      • Water Fit to Drink
      • Testing for Ions
  • C5 How Much?
  • C6 Chemistry Out There
  • C1-C6 All Sections

    • Chemical Short-hand
    • Chemical Reactions and Word Equations
    • Balancing Chemical Equations
    • Inside the Atom
    • Forming Ions
    • Covalent Bonding